Synonyme (en) |
Sub-Fertile Stallion
Infertility in stallions
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Français | Troubles de la fertilité de l’étalon |
Synonyme (fr)
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Étalon subfertile
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Allemand
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Hengste mit reduzierter Fruchtbarkeit
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Gènes
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Gènes candidats pour la fertilité: Whole genome screening (next generation sequencing data): Schrimpf R et al 2016
Analyses d’association de SNP avec des facteurs de fécondité chez les étalons hanovriens (Giese A 2002; Giesecke K 2008; Giesecke K et al 2009, 2010a, 2010b, 2011; Gottschalk M et al 2016a; Hamann H et al 2007; Jude RMV 2003):
Clonage d’un ADNc complet codant pour un sérine/thréonine kinase équine (Sabeur K et al 2008);
Études d'association pangénomique (GWAS) (Kjöllerström HJ et al 2016, Raudsepp T et al 2012; Schrimpf R et al 2014, 2015):
KIT comme marqueur lors de la différenciation des cellules germinales primordiales en spermatogonies lors de la spermatogenèse (Jung H et al 2015) VASA (DDX4): comme marqueur potentiel pour les spermatogonies, spermatocytes et spermatides (Kim JY et al 2015) Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number in Spermatozoa (Orsztynowicz M et al 2016) |
Chromosomes |
|
OMIA#
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FKBP6: OMIA 001762-9796: Impaired acrosomal reaction in Equus caballus http://omia.angis.org.au/OMIA001762/9796/ Les autres phénotypes ne sont pas enregistrés dans la base OMIA |
NCBI gene
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SPATA31E1, e!Ensembl ENSECAG00000017439
VASA (DDX4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/100051760
|
Mutations
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Les mutations causales n’ont pas été identifiées
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Mode de transmission
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Transmission héréditaire complexe et hétérogène. Les modes de transmission de sont pas encore identifiés de manière claire. Étalons hanovriens
Taux de poulains par étalon par saison: héritabilité (h2): 0.03 - 0.15 (Hamann H et al 2005; Giesecke K et al 2010c). Des valeurs d’élevage pour la fécondité peuvent être estimées. Des héritabilités et des valeurs d’élevage pour des caractères spécifiques peuvent également être estimées (Gottschalk M et al 2016b; Labitzke D et al 2014):
Poneys shetland (cit. Labitzke D et al 2014)
Cheval frison (cit. Labitzke D et al 2014)
|
Caractères / symptômes |
La fécondité des étalons revêt une très grande importance économique. Elle est influencée par de nombreux facteurs environnementaux (conditions de garde, station de monte, méthode de prélèvement de la semence, saison, alimentation, utilisation, maladies diverses, âge, etc.) et génétiques. Cependant, la fécondité ne constitue pas un critère de sélection conséquent dans le programme d’élevage des diverses races. En pratique, on considère que l’étalon est subfertile si le taux de fertilité est inférieur à 55 % par cycle (Vidament M et al 2013). Les étalons avec un taux de fécondité inférieur à 44% (étalon normalement fertile: >60%) pour le premier cycle sont considérés comme subfertiles (Pickett BW & Voss JL 1999). La performance de la fécondité peut être précisée par divers caractères: taux de fécondation des juments, taux de poulains par étalon, qualité de la semence (volume de l’éjaculat, concentration de la semence, pourcentage de spermatozoïdes mobiles, morphologie, vitalité, intégrité de la chromatine, intégrité de l’acrosome, etc). De nombreuses méthodes ont été développées (Allimant M 2010; Ball BA 2008; Brito LF 2007; Domes U 2003; Langlois B et al 1977; Turner RM 2005; Varner DD et al 2000, 2008, 2015), en particulier avec les marqueurs biochimiques (protéines séminales spécifiques, enzymes, etc.) du développement et de la capacité de fertilisation des spermatozoïdes (Varner DD 2008). La synthèse de ces marqueurs est déterminée par de très nombreux gènes. Avec le développement du décryptage du génome équin, des associations significatives ont été mises en évidence entre des SNP (marqueurs) et les traits de fertilité des étalons, en particulier pour les gènes et les phénotypes pertinents suivants:
Les études d'association pangénomiques (GWAS) ont permis d’identifier des gènes candidats pour les phénotypes suivants:
|
Contraintes | Restriction d’une fonction organique (fécondité); la qualité de la vie et le comportement ne sont pas affectés.
Les critères déterminants pour l’évaluation des contraintes sont en particulier:
Stratégie d’élevage et mesures
Sélection de la performance de la fécondité des mâles (programme d’élevage): surveillance de la fécondité, saisie des caractères objectifs de la fertilité (données sur la fécondité), estimation des composantes de la variance, estimation de l’héritabilité, estimation de valeurs d’élevage, projets de recherche d’optimisation de la fécondité par la sélection génomique. |
Races
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Toutes les races
|
Prévalence (%) | -- |
Fondateur | -- |
Test ADN
|
NON
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Remarques
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--
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